Power Of The Wind Formula

Free energy from the Wind:

Wind is the response of the atmosphere to uneven heating conditions. Local topography (mountains) can raise or restrict the natural wind menses.

While air current is certainly a renewable free energy source, information technology is also an erratic one. Energy storage is probably more critical for air current power than for whatsoever other form of alternative energy.

Basics of Current of air Free energy:

Kinetic Free energy of wind is: 1/2 * mass * velocity * velocity
momentum in the wind = mass ten velocity
Power per unit area = KE * momentum --> MVⁱⁱ *MV
So Power that tin can exist extracted from the wind goes equally velocity cubed (V³)
27 times more power is in a air current blowing at sixty mph than one blowing at xx mph

For average atmospheric conditions of density and wet contant:

Ability per sq. meter = .0006 Vⁱⁱⁱ

velocity measured in meters per 2nd
Power and so measured in KILOwatts
1 meter per second is approximately 2 mph
20 mph wind =10 1000/s --> Power generated equals
.0006 * x³ = .0006 * 1000 = .6 KILO watts per square meter
which is 600 watts per foursquare meter
this is identical to boilerplate solar power per square meter

Windmills can not operate at 100% efficiency considering the structure itself impedes the flow of the wind

Theoretical maximum efficiency is 59%
Picaresque Dutch Windmill (4=arms) = sixteen%
Rotary, multiblade = 30%
Loftier speed propeller (vertical) = 42%

Clearly, wind power is a highly variable source and hence free energy storage is crucial.

Rotary type windmills have high torque and are useful for pumping water

High speed propeller types have depression torque and are most efficient at high rotational velocities --> useful for generation of electricity

Example calculation:

Windmill efficiency = 42%
average air current speed = 10 m/s (20 mph)
Power = 0.0006 x 0.42 ten yard = 250 Watts per square meter
Electricity generated is then .25 KWH per sq. meter
If wind blows 24 hours per day and so annual electricity generated would be nigh 2200 KWH per sq. meter
But, on boilerplate, the current of air velocity is only this high about ten% of the fourth dimension
typical almanac yield is therefore 200-250 KWH per sq. meter

To Generate ten,000 KWH almanac then from a 20 mph current of air that blows 10% of the time

windmill area = 10,000 KWH/220 KHW per sq. meter = 45 sq meters
This is a circular deejay of diameter about 8 meters
This is non completely out of the question for some homes
Even a pocket-sized windmill (2 meters) tin be effective:
- xx mph 10% of the time --> 2500 KWH annually
- 40 mph 10% of the time --> 20000 KWH annually
- 20 mph 50% of the fourth dimension --> 12500 KWH annually
- 4 small windmills at 20 mph ten% of the time --> 10000 KWH annually

Wind Energy can be competitively priced:

Air current turbine technology has steadily improved
Typical capacity for a single unit is now 250-500 KW
Relatively low capital costs; very low operating costs
- Wind: 4.8 cents per KWH
- Coal: 6.2
- Photovoltaics: 16.0
- Advanced Gas Turbine: 4.6

Electric current Grid Connected Air current Power:

          Country/region          MW Installed         ------------------------------------         United States   -       1700         Denmark         -       520         Federal republic of germany         -       330         United Kingdom  -       145         Netherlands     -       132         Spain           -       55         Greece          -       35         Italy           -       10         Other OECD      -       70         India           -       50         China           -       25

Some aggressive goals for air current ability:

to install 10,000 MW of capacity in the U.South.;
to build a $4 billion domestic wind industry capable of delivering 3,000 MW annually;
to create tens of thousands of new, long-term, skilled jobs;
to reach levelized costs below four cents per kilowatt-hour;
to make wind ability a major option in achieving the nations global climate alter objectives; and
to make the U.S. wind energy industry the worlds technology leader and everyman cost supplier.

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